Volume changes based on temperature and pressure. So when we reference volume measurements like for flow rates, we typically do the math to adjust those to standard temperature and pressure. Standard pressure is 1 atm but standard temperature varies based on who you’re talking to because of competing standards. It’s usually 25 C or 20 C.

When we want to reference the non temperature and pressure corrected volume, we append actual to it so that people know what the measurement is. Some people don’t do that and that causes confusion for others using their work if the reading is standard or actual.

Yep, we need broad sweeping data privacy laws and audits in every country for all software. Not just fear mongering over other country’s software.